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辣椒秧变废为宝 循环农业富乡村_我的网站

一 |     RAVENA, N.Y. -- New York officials launched legal recreational marijuana sales by promising many of the first retail licenses to people with past drug convictions, hoping to give people harmed by the war on drugs a chance to succeed before competitors crowded in.But more than nine months after sales started, only about two dozen state-sanctioned dispensaries have opened their doors. Legal challenges over the state's permitting process have left more than 400 provisional licensees in limbo. Marijuana farmers are reeling because there are too few stores to sell their harvest.State regulators are now expanding the market amid those troubles. They recently opened up a 60-day general application window to grow, process, distribute or sell marijuana, expecting to issue more than 1,000 new licenses. New rules also will allow companies licensed to grow and sell medical marijuana in New York to get into the recreational market.The moves are expected to boost the number of legal dispensaries in a market now dominated by black-market sellers who simply opened retail stores without a license. But the prospect of competing with the medical providers worries some farmers and retailers who fear being squeezed by deeper-pocketed companies before they had a chance to establish themselves.“My concern is that they have all the money to bleed us out,” said Coss Marte, whose opening of CONBUD dispensary in Manhattan was pushed back by a lawsuit against state regulators. “They’re vertically integrated. So now what they could do is ... grow their own product at the cheapest price and basically outbid all the farmers, all our products and all our pricing.”Critics blame New York’s slow retail growth partly on bureaucratic issues, like delays in setting up a $200 million “social equity” fund to help applicants open shops. The rollout also was hobbled by lawsuits on behalf of people and businesses excluded from the first wave of retail licenses. Marte's shop was among those temporarily blocked by a judge from opening after a group sued on behalf of disabled veterans, saying they were wrongly excluded from applying for a license. Marte, who has a past drug arrest, was paying rent on a store he could not open.A judge recently ruled that Marte's store and several others could open. But the fate of many other provisional license holders, like Carson Grant of New York City, was unclear. After months of delays in opening his store in Queens, he was debating whether to reapply for a license again in this general round.“It's very difficult emotionally,” he said.Reginald Fluellen, senior consultant with the Cannabis Social Equity Coalition, blamed the state for a botched rollout.“They’ve failed miserably in providing the justice-involved individuals the kind of head start, the kind of foothold, in the market that they promised," Fluellen said.Under new regulations, medical marijuana providers could begin retail recreational sales at one of their existing dispensaries as early as Dec. 29. They could begin selling recreational pot at two more dispensaries six months after that. The entry price for those companies is steep: a $20 million licensing fee, with $5 million due upfront. But multiple companies are expected to jump in.“We expect New York to be the hub, or one of the hubs, for legal cannabis on the East Coast,” said Curaleaf CEO Matt Darin. “And so we’re very bullish and we’ve invested a lot of capital and time to be able to maximize the opportunity.”Curaleaf, which operates in multiple states, has already invested $50 million in New York, most of it on a recently expanded indoor growing facility south of Albany that now serves the medical market. Rows of plants there mature in intensely lit rooms where humidity, temperature and nutrition are tightly controlled — a scene in stark contrast to the fields and greenhouses that have defined New York’s adult-use market since growing started last year.Curaleaf will be able to double the size of the facility’s canopy to 64,000 square feet, or about 1.5 acres (0.61 hectares), if the market dictates, said Joe Holland, an executive vice president.To guard against retail monopolies, the medical providers will be limited to three retail outlets. And in a nod to farmers, their shops will initially have to devote half their shelf space to products grown and processed by independent businesses.Still, critics say the state should have allowed more time for economically and socially diverse entrepreneurs to succeed before letting in larger competitors.Joseph Calderone of Grateful Valley Farm, near the Pennsylvania border, compared it to little hardware stores competing against big box stores. Large indoor facilities, he said, can produce multiple crops a year. Meanwhile, farms having trouble selling their crops are “teetering on the edge of failure,” he said.“We were given a fair chance to grow. We were asked to do that," he said. "We kept our promise. The state did not keep their promise.” Office of Cannabis Management executive director Chris Alexander said the new regulations maintain New York’s commitment to social and economic equity, while keeping the market more competitive than in other states. That includes giving priority consideration for social and equity applicants in the current round.While acknowledging there was some “frustration” in getting retail stores open, Alexander said the state has shown a market supplied by small farmers can work. "We've got some of the top-performing dispensaries in the country right here in New York," Alexander saidAnd there’s still room to grow. Regulators have estimated New York will eventually require at least 2,000 dispensaries to meet demand. “I think there’s enough business to go around,” said Christian Chavez, CEO of Statis Cannabis Co. He said sales have been good since they opened their dispensary in the Bronx in July. “I think it’ll be quite some time until this market gets saturated in New York.”。    8月20日，滦南县姚王庄镇，田间地头随处可见村民们忙碌的身影。他们不是忙着采摘蔬菜，而是将一车车的废弃辣椒秧送往集中堆放点。“以前每年这时候，大棚辣椒结束采摘后，辣椒秧咋处理很让人头疼。”正在运送辣椒秧的胡许庄村农户白怀军说，现在镇村统一设置堆放点、统一回收处置，解决了他们的后顾之忧。姚王庄镇是设施蔬菜大镇，现有蔬菜大棚1.2万余座，年产各类蔬菜近40万吨。“蔬菜产业鼓起村民的腰包，却也带来农业废弃物处理难题。”姚王庄镇镇长张杰说，特别是每年大棚辣椒收获后，产生近4000吨废弃辣椒秧。

二 | 这些辣椒秧堆在路边影响交通，还容易引发火灾，扔到沟里又堵塞河道，成了烫手山芋。去年以来，姚王庄镇将废弃辣椒秧处理纳入重点民生工程，专门建立工作队，探索出“镇统筹、村引导、集中回收、统一处理”的办法，系统推进废弃辣椒秧规范化、资源化利用。

三 | 记者来到土桥村村口的废弃辣椒秧集中堆放点，只见农户开着农用车将废弃辣椒秧运到这里，工作人员操作专业设备装车，再运往下游的集中处理点。

四 | “我们共布局了8个集中堆放点，覆盖辣椒主要种植片区。”姚王庄镇干部刘昱辰说，他们与第三方公司合作，对废弃辣椒秧进行粉碎、发酵等专业技术处理，变成生物质燃料运往电厂。从无序废弃、污染环境到有序回收、变废为宝，在闭环流程下，废弃辣椒秧这一“生态包袱”变成了“绿色财富”。但姚王庄镇并不满足于现状。在张杰看来，让废弃辣椒秧不出田是更优解。

五 | 在李庄村辣椒大棚里，一台机械正忙碌作业，“吃”进辣椒秧，“吐”出碎粉末，直接撒到地里。

六 | “今年，镇上引导我们种菜大户购买了3台棚用还田机，进行废弃辣椒秧还田试验，将其变成土地可以吸收的肥料。”李庄村党支部书记兼村委会主任李原原说。从集中回收处置到粉碎直接还田，姚王庄镇的创新实践，是唐山市推行的农业废弃物资源化合理利用的生动缩影。当地立足绿色农业发展理念，让秸秆等农业废弃物实现饲料化、肥料化、能源化、原料化和基料化利用。截至目前，姚王庄镇已累计处理废弃辣椒秧3000多吨。采访过程中，张杰电话不断，频繁与芦台、迁安、海港经开区等地的营养土生产企业洽谈合作事宜。“将废弃辣椒秧深加工用于生产营养土，是下一步的工作重点。”张杰说，推动资源循环利用、助力绿色农业发展，他们一直在努力。（日报记者 王育民）。

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